Thursday, August 27, 2020

The Software Piracy Problem in China :: Technology

The Software Piracy Problem in China 1. Reality: Software theft at issue in China. Shockingly, programming forging has such a gainful worldwide market, that â€Å"organized criminal gatherings utilizing the returns from programming falsifying to pay for fear based oppressor tasks overseas†, as indicated by Brad Smith, Microsoft general insight universal. [1] Even however the vast majority these days know about pilfered programming either from different news medium, or by observing unlawful programming duplicates circulated among companions or understudies in their own PCs, it would at present be a stunning actuality that, in the year 2000, programming organizations evaluated that they lost $12 billion in income due to forging. That is 15% of the business' $80 billion in overall sales.[2] In spite of the fact that product robbery is without a doubt a worldwide issue, individuals have been giving uncommon consideration to this issue in China. In all actuality, despite the fact that the theft rate is expanding worldwide and the rate increased in 2000 to 37% from 36% in 1999, which implies 37% of the product sold is assessed to be phony, the product robbery rates in China are up to 92% in 2002 as per Business Software Alliance (BSA). [3] Compare to China, in U.S. the normal theft rate by states is just 25.1%. Programming robbery has various sorts. BSA recognizes five basic sorts as follows.[4] To start with, end client robbery. It happens when an organization representative duplicates of programming without approval, including utilizing one authorized duplicate to introduce a program on different PCs, or replicating plates for establishment and appropriation, and so on. Second, customer server abuse. It happens when an excessive number of representatives on a system are utilizing a focal duplicate of a program simultaneously. Third, Internet robbery. This happens when programming is downloaded from the Internet where a similar buying rules ought to apply to online programming buy with respect to those purchased in conventional manners. Fourth, Hard Disk stacking. It happens when a business that sells new PCs loads unlawful duplicates of programming onto the hard circles to make the acquisition of the machines progressively alluring. At long last, Software Counterfeiting. This kind of robbery is the unlawful duplication and offer of copyrighted material with the aim of legitimately emulating the copyrighted item. In China, the greater part of the product theft is directed as the kind of Software Counterfeiting. Road groups selling pilfered programming can be effortlessly found in dark market anyplace in China. 2. Who can ensure your product right? The administration?

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The Importance of Environmental Protection Practical Steps to Support It Free Essays

Since the second 50% of the twentieth century, the aftereffects of ecological obliteration and the abuse of normal assets have gotten progressively self-evident. Presently, 7 billion individuals are sharing this planet, and researchers foresee that the populace will increment to 10 billion individuals in this century. In any case, we as of now face troubles with lessening normal assets and natural contamination. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Importance of Environmental Protection Practical Steps to Support It or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now There is developing proof that some cataclysmic events are because of our conduct. We as of now face colossal changes brought about via carbon discharges and deforestation. Ice sheets are dissolving, and ocean levels rise consistently. Our want more gas, oil and water even initiated tremors. These 1 are sufficient encounters to wake us up! Natural insurance H. H. the fourteenth Dalai Lama (the profound pioneer of Tibetan Buddhists) and H. H. the seventeenth Karmapa Urgyen Trinley Dorje (the profound guide of the Tibetan Kagyu tradition)are solid supporters for natural insurance. Vietnamese Master Thich Nhat Hanh is likewise dynamic in such manner, just to specify a couple of otherworldly pioneers who are occupied with natural insurance. H. H. the Dalai Lama referenced at the Environmental Summit in Portland in May 2013 that his solid pledge to natural assurance began over 20 years prior. In 1992 the Dalai Lama went to the primary ecological meeting in Rio de Janeiro and talked about his perspectives on widespread obligation. After one year, he was welcome to a global gathering, â€Å"Ecological Responsibility â€a Dialog with Buddhism† in New Delhi, India. Conspicuous Buddhist educators and researchers went to this meeting. Subsequently they distributed an open intrigue entitled, â€Å"For Our Universal Responsibility. † Many talks and articles by H. H. the DalaiLama about this theme followedand are presently distributed in 2 assorted media around the world. These can be found on his landing page. H. H. the Karmapa has represented various years on the significance of ensuring the earth for the eventual fate of this world and for the Dharma. He says, â€Å"Ever since humankind previously showed up on this planet, we have utilized this world intensely. It is said that ninety-nine percent of the assets, etc in this world originate from the regular habitat. We are utilizing the earth until she is spent. The earth has given us incomprehensible advantage, however what have we accomplished for the earth consequently? We generally request something from the earth, yet never give her anything back. â€Å"3 Sentient creatures are absolutely subject to the four components of earth, fire, wind and water. H. H. the Karmapa says, â€Å"Both the bodyand mind are emphatically associated with the unaltered, common components. â€Å"4We just can endure on the grounds that nature and other aware creatures make our lives conceivable. Hence, we have to endeavor to bring this mindfulness into our lives to our benefit. We have to instruct each other about the significance of ensuring and thinking about our condition. Commonsense Steps Towardsa Healthy Relationship with the Environment H. H. the Karmapa’s vision is upheld by an affiliation called â€Å"Khoryug,† which implies â€Å"environment† in Tibetan. Framed by Tibetan religious communities in the Kagyu custom, the affiliation advances ecological undertakings under the Karmapa’s authority. A bilingual landing page in English and Tibetan has been built up to give data on these tasks. In 2009, the Karmapa sorted out the main meeting for natural security for Kagyu religious communities and Dharmacenters in Sarnath, India. Because of this gathering, he distributed a booklet entitled, â€Å"108 Things You Can Do To Help The Environment. † You can download thisbooklet, whichis motivating and accommodating for religious communities and Buddhist focuses, yet in addition forBuddhist professionals and non-Buddhists around the world. I’d like to make reference to certain things you will discover in this booklet about what we can do to shield our condition from decimation: Environmental security begins with us. We have to take a gander at our own conduct to consider how we can bolster a sound situation during the current century and past. To begin, we can do optimistic The most effective method to refer to The Importance of Environmental Protection Practical Steps to Support It, Papers

Friday, August 21, 2020

Where To Get A Great Online College Essay Sample

Where To Get A Great Online College Essay SampleIf you are at a loss as to where to start when you write a college essay, then you have come to the right place. There are numerous college essay samples that can help you with your essay writing project. All you need to do is find the one that works best for you.One of the best places to begin your research into college essays is to go to your professor's office and talk to them about the topic of your essay. Ask them questions such as, 'What about this idea would inspire you?' or 'What do you think about this issue?' Often they will share some tips and ideas with you regarding essay writing.If you have ever watched your favorite television show or listened to your favorite radio station, then you may want to read a book of some sort to learn about writing. Try to find some books on writing and read through them thoroughly. Try to identify areas where you can improve your writing style. Do not focus on your weaknesses when learning how to write essays.Another way to get ideas for college essay samples is to ask some close friends. Sometimes it helps to spend time with a friend who is a good writer to really learn from someone who has been there before. You might also consider visiting a community college to visit with a professor, who you can ask about writing a paper.If you have been thinking about writing a college essay but do not know where to start, then you should consider looking for sample essays online. There are many places online where you can find essay samples. Many online essay writing sites offer some type of free essay examples for you to browse through.The most common type of essay that students choose to write is the research essay. Research essays require a person to document the information they gathered and write about their findings in an objective manner. Essay writing for research requires the use of sources, particularly the Internet, as a way to gather information and research ideas.Some students prefer to write a personal essay about their college experience. This type of essay is perfect for students who are writing their first essay. Personal essays can be written based on your own experiences with the college. The essay should be based on facts and information gathered.Regardless of the type of essay you want to write, you should look for essay samples. College writing does not have to be difficult. With a little research and a lot of practice, you can write a great essay on any topic.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

International Trade Theories, Trade, Cultural Diffusion,...

In this assignment, the author will analyze, and identify differences between the basic and base concept of international trade theories. The author will examine and critically assess the concept of international trade. This paper agrees with the economist that international trade is the interdependence of nations in terms of trade, cultural diffusion, and economic interdependency. International business trade theories are basically different theories with their concept of trade how they explain international trade. The concept of majority of economist believe that, trade is about exchanging goods and services between two people or countries within the world. People do trade because they believe that, from the exchange of goods and service, both can benefit from each other resources. They need the goods and services which they are exchanged. Though at the surface, this may sound very simple, there is a great deal of theory, policy, and business strategy that constitutes international trade. The author will talk about the different trade theories that have developed over the past century and which are mine. Most applicable in today s business world. In addition, the author will explore the issues which impact international trade and how businesses and governments use these issues to their respective benefits to promote their international trade. Adam Smith Absolute Advantage Adam Smith a Scottish an economist, known as the father of free trade and he was recognized as theShow MoreRelatedGlobalization: Its Effects Key Drivers and Supporting Theories695 Words   |  3 PagesGlobalization: Its Effects, Key Drivers and Supporting Theories Globalization according to Johnson (2009) can be defined in several ways and hence the term cannot be said to have an assigned definition. In this text, the definition that will be adopted was the one given approximately 15 years ago by the World Economic Outlook in which case globalization according to Johnson (2009) was termed: the growing interdependence of countries world-wide through the increasing volume and variety of cross-borderRead MoreConstructivism, Symbolic Interactionism And Social Conflict Theory1509 Words   |  7 Pagesinteractionism and social conflict theory allow us to critically analyse and discuss the importance of globalisation, giving deeper insight into this social phenomenon. Globalisation according to Giddens is the intensification of worldwide social relations which distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by an event occurring many miles away and vice versa (1990, p.64). Due to the advancement in technology, globalisation has emerged as an economic, social, cultural, political and legal phenomenonRead MoreLiterature About China s Rise Of East Asia Varies Across International Relations Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pages Literature about China’s rise in East Asia varies along International Relations (IR) Theory methodologies, Think Tank papers, Governm ent research, and media coverage. This literature review covers a period between 2000 and 2009 that establishes a baseline interaction, or ‘before’ (George and Bennett 2005, 166) outcome, among and between the key actors under investigation in this study. Use later in this predictive study, content post-2009 serves to judge a change in interaction. Many well-informedRead MoreHistory Of Latin American Underdevelopment By J. Samuel Valenzuela And Arturo Valenzuela908 Words   |  4 Pagesthat for a state to modernize they must overcome traditional values, institutions, and beliefs for more modern ones. Much of the literature concerning underdevelopment in Latin America points to cultural factors as being the primary obstacle to Latin American development (1978, p.541) and that weak economic performance is largely due to a lack of entrepreneurial activity (1978, p.541). Valenzuela and Valenzuela then discuss the dependency approach, its perspectives and how it relates to Latin AmericanRead MoreBUAD Exam Study Guide Essay1793 Words   |  8 PagesExam Study Sheet International Business Multiple Choice, True/False, Short Answer Essay, Fill in the Blank, Matching Books Either: Wild, Wild, Han, International Business (Prentice-Hall) or Charles Hill, International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace (McGraw-Hill). Topics The worldwide transition to globalization Globalization if the process of integration and interconnectedness among economies. The process is characterized by declining trade barriers, increasingRead MoreTrade Liberalisation Always Provides Benefits Essay1668 Words   |  7 PagesThere seems to be no compelling reason to argue that the existing trade treaties have no objectives to realise world’s prosperity. For instance, The WTO expressly shows in its preamble ‘a view to raising standards of living, ensuring full employment’. Additionally, NAFTA has a clear-cut objective to create ‘new employment opportunities and improve working conditions and living standards in their respective territories’. However, inequality and poverty still take place in nearly half of the worldRead MoreThe Development Of Tourism Development1286 Words   |  6 PagesHow changes in development theory have influence changes in tourism development While development could bring in all sorts of benefits, Telfer (2015) argues it still remains problems that tourism has not been solved. This include poverty, famines, violation of human rights and the destruction on the environment. He has also distinguish the definition of development is way too broad. He argues that the focus of development during the 1950s is primarily focusing on economic growth (Telfer, 2015). WhereasRead MorePsci 140 Essay1016 Words   |  5 Pages(China) The Great Leap Forward (1958-61) Make steel!! Famine—30 millions (7 ~ 30 millions) Achieve utopia ! * The Great Cultural Revolution (China) * Structural adjustment programs (conditionalities) Conditionalities (IMF, World Bank) Liberalization Privatization Abolish subsidies Reduce tariffs Streamline of the state * Dependency theory Core and periphery Periphery (primary commodities) Core (manufactured goods) Structure of exploitation at a global level Read MoreThe World System Theory And Developmental Studies1442 Words   |  6 PagesForces of globalization are real and their influences are felt everywhere. It entails free trade, free mobility of both financial and real capital, and rapid diffusion of products, technologies, and information and consumption patterns. As indicated in the 1999 World Survey on the Role of Women in Development, in the age of globalization, Governments’ policy choices have shifted in favor of openness of trade and financial flow. Policies calling for lighter regulation of industry, privatizationRead MoreCulture Drives Globalization Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pagessweeping away cultural boundaries. Global entertainment companies shape the perceptions and dreams of ordinary citizens, wherever they live. This spread of values, norms, and culture tends to promote Western ideals of capitalism.† Arguably, a global culture creates a global economy through the forces of technological advancement I nonetheless disagree with this and I believe global economy and economic competition promotes technological advancement, which undoubtedly aids global culture. Economic globalization

Friday, May 15, 2020

Plato´s The Symposium and it theme Compared to the French...

Life is pink, or so says Louis Armstrong’s version of Edith Piaf’s beautiful French song, La Vie En Rose. Plato is arguably the most famous philosopher from Ancient Greece. The Symposium, one of Plato’s most famous works, is a brilliant piece of literature centered on a group of men telling their own versions of what they believe to be Love. The Goddess of Love however, is the main focus of Plato’s work more so than the act of actually being in love. This becomes the men’s main focal point for the duration of their speeches. Both the story and the song, depict versions of love of Love that are relatively common. In the soft tones of La Vie En Rose, the perfection of what being in love can become is heard clearly. Believing that everything is wonderful and it could never change is a symptom of the rose coloured glasses Armstrong is singing about. Socrates in believes that Love can be both horrible and bad. There are people who believe that love is th e solution to all of their problems, and those who believe that there are bad aspects that come with being in love. Hundreds of years apart, and these two men are trying to send different messages about the same subject—love. â€Å"When you agree he is neither good nor beautiful, you need not think he is ugly and bad; he could be something in between.† (Plato, P. 23) Socrates is a character whom is famous in his own right. Though it is often believed Plato is using him as a device to speak his own thoughts. Through the rest of the

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Perception as a Defining Factor in Our Lives - 772 Words

Perception is a defining factor in all of our lives. Perception affects the way every action, choice, and decision we make is perceived. Though societal influences perception can be shaped based upon bias. The world is filled with it religious, political, sexual, and gender bias just to name a few. It is because of these biases that peoples perception is narrowed and what is deemed as â€Å"civilized† or the â€Å"right† thing to do may not always be one hundred percent true. In the book Walden by Henry David Thoreau we see a man who has looked past social norms and blazed his own path towards individual enlightenment. This is again illustrated in Lars Eighner’s essay, On Dumpster Diving. Here we see an individual that practices something that most†¦show more content†¦By being able to see things this woman had thrown away Eighner was able to discover what had happened to her. This idea illustrates the main concept of his essay which is that what we thro w way may not be waste. It still may hold worth possibly as far a usefulness goes, but it holds worth because it shows the impact that you have made on the world. It illustrates your perceptions of what you think waste is and what you deem damaged enough to throw away. In Thoreau’s book we learn that he has traveled away from society to try and find enlightenment in the nature surrounding Walden pond. In the passage â€Å"Where I lived, and What I lived For† Thoreau explains where he could have lived and why he decided to choose Walden Pond as his home. Thoreau wanted to get away fro every perception that society had at that time period. He just wanted to escape that all and so he left civilization and traveled to Walden where he could live a simpler, more enlightened life. Thoreau expresses his view points on societal perceptions when he make the statement, â€Å"Let us spend one day as deliberately as Nature, and not be thrown off the track by every nutshell and mos quitos wing that falls on the rails.† (Thoreau, 421). What this means is that he believed that societal perceptions were distracting himself as well as everyone else from true enlightenment. These distractions kept everyday people from seeing the real beauty and wonder in they lives. ItShow MoreRelatedThe Day Of Everyday Life1274 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout the walk of everyday life, we may find ourselves within the personal lives of others, giving us the option to either turn the other way and pay no attention, or to observe, and learn something about those individuals’ lives. The observation of others can not only bring a whole new understanding to the many forms of communication, but it can also provide a new perspective into something we have never taken the time to explore and analyze. One can learn a multitude of new things by observingRead MoreMental Illness1511 Words   |  7 PagesPenalty for Mentally Deficient Should the Government be allowed to execute an individual who is diagnosed officially as being mentally deficient? As individuals, we can feel and subsequently we are able to be miserable or blue now and again throughout our lives. We have all observed motion pictures about the psycho and his wrongdoing binge, with the hidden reason for psychological maladjustment. We occasionally even make jokes about individuals being insane or nuts, even though we realize that we shouldntRead MorePositivist and Constructionist Theories: Basic Differences1214 Words   |  5 Pageshappened. The future then is determined by our past. Positivism originated with August Comte. It was considered a philosophical approach that replaced speculation with science. Positivist theorists believe deviance is real and falls under three categories. First that deviance is absolutely real. Second, that deviance is observable or like an object and third that deviance is determined by forces. The old school positivism relied on biological reasons or factors. The newer idea or contemporary schoolRead MoreOur Individual Identity Is Determined by What Others Think of Us1283 Words   |  6 Pagesand belonging - Expository Essay Our individual identity is determined by what others think of us. Our identity is comprised of inner qualities and outer representations of self. It consists of innumerable defining characteristics that make up the whole of who we are in any given moment. These fragments of self include our sexuality, gender, and sense of belonging to a particular culture, nation, religion, family, or some other group. Our identity includes our looks, personality, beliefs and fearsRead MoreNarrative Therapy Offers a Rewrite of a Persons Life1797 Words   |  7 Pagespeople live through painful events in their life that can alter their perception of themselves, their family, and the world. Narrative therapy offers the client the opportunity to re-write their story and gain a different perspective of specific events. It is important to understand that within the history of narrative therapy, therapists view client’s stories through a political lens. Often times, focusing on the oppression and cultural dominance that exists within the constructs of our soci etyRead MoreExamine the Concepts of Normality and Abnormality1419 Words   |  6 Pagesmoral or ideal standards. These criteria demonstrate a fine line between defining abnormality in ways that focus distress to the individual and defining it in terms of what is or is not acceptable to society. Vividness and unconventionality represents a social judgment because it deals with what is seen as social convention or not. The danger of social judgments is that they often fail to consider how people live their lives. There is an increasing awareness of how psychiatric diagnosis of ethnicRead MoreEssay about Jean-Pierre Jeunets Film Amelie1474 Words   |  6 PagesJean-Pierre Jeunets Film Amelie Imagination is an intrinsic part of the human experience. It has the power to mold reality by defining the limits of possibility and affecting perception. Both Alan White and Irving Singer examine aspects of this power in their respective works The Language of Imagination and Feeling and Imagination. White delineates how imagination is a necessary precursor to possibility (White 179) while Singer primarily illustrates imaginations effect on human relationshipsRead MoreExamine the Concepts of Normality and Abnormality1419 Words   |  6 Pagesmoral or ideal standards. These criteria demonstrate a fine line between defining abnormality in ways that focus distress to the individual and defining it in terms of what is or is not acceptable to society. Vividness and unconventionality represents a social judgment because it deals with what is seen as social convention or not. The danger of social judgments is that they often fail to consider how people live their lives. There is an in creasing awareness of how psychiatric diagnosis of ethnicRead MoreWhat Is Space Of Space?1635 Words   |  7 Pagespersonal space. There are so many different definitions partially due to the confusion brought by the mixture of the philosophical idea and physical experience. Such enormous assortment of the different possible types of space makes it very hard in defining space, especially in design. But still, intuitively, space is already a kind of three-dimensional expansion of the world surrounding us, the breaks and pauses, distance and relationships in between people, objects and people, and also in betweenRead MoreInterpersonal Relationship Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesWhat was the context? What were sources of internal and external noise? Did you or your partner have problems encoding or decoding each other’s messages? (read Ch 1) Answer My Church members had to set up a meeting for a bridal shower; this is how our conversations went; After church on a regular Sunday, all the women gathered together with the exception of the bride. † will be meeting at apple bees tonight† for Rita’s bridal shower. This person forgot to say which apple bees. Since we had one

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Visual Culture free essay sample

Visual culture Visual Culture as an academic subject is a field of study that generally includes some combination of cultural studies, art history, critical theory, philosophy, and anthropology, by focusing on aspects of culture that rely on visual images. Anthropology /? n? r p? l? d? i/ is the academic study of humanity. It deals with all that is characteristic of the human experience, from physiology and the evolutionary origins to the social and cultural organization of human societies as well as individual and collective forms of human experience. It has origins in the humanities, the natural sciences, and the social sciences. 1] The term anthropology is from the Greek anthropos ( ), man, understood to mean humankind or humanity, and -logia (- ), discourse or study. Anthropologys basic concerns are the definition of human life and origin, how social relations among humans are organized, who the ancestors of modern Homo sapiens are, what the characterizations of human physical traits are, how humans behave, why there are variations among different groups of humans, how the evolutionary past of Homo sapiens has influenced its social organization and culture and so forth. citation needed] Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. [1][2] Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. [3] The word philosophy comes from the Greek (philosophia), which literally means love of wisdom. [4][5][6] Critical theory is a school of thought that stresses the examination and critique of society and culture, drawing from knowledge across the social sciences and humanities. The term has two different meanings with different origins and histories: one originating in sociology and the other in literary criticism. This has led to the very literal use of critical theory as an umbrella term to describe any theory founded upon critique. According to critical theorist Max Horkheimer a theory is critical in so far as it seeks to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them (Horkheimer 1982, 244). In a narrow sense, critical theory refers to a style of neo-Marxist philosophy of the Frankfurt School, developed in Europe in the 1930s with a tendency to engage ith the work of thinkers such as Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud. [1] Modern critical theory arose from a trajectory extending from the antipositivist sociology of Max Weber and Georg Simmel, the Marxist theory of Georg Lukacs and Antonio Gramsci, toward the milieu associated with Frankfurt Institute of Social Research. Five Frankfurt School theorists were chiefly responsible for estab lishing critical theory as a specific strand of thought: Herbert Marcuse, Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Walter Benjamin, and, slightly later, Jurgen Habermas. With the latter, critical theory shed its roots in German idealism and moved closer to American pragmatism. The concern for a social base and superstructure is one of the few remaining Marxist concepts in much contemporary critical theory. [2] Whilst the critical theorists are usually defined as Marxist intellectuals[who? ], their tendency to denounce so many Marxian elements has been attacked as revisionism by stricter Marxists. Martin Jay suggests that the first generation of critical theory is best understood not as promoting any specific philosophical agenda or ideology, but rather as a gadfly of other systems. [3] Art history has historically been understood as the academic study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts, i. e. genre, design, format, and style. [1] This includes the major arts of painting, sculpture, and architecture as well as the minor arts of ceramics, furniture, and other decorative objects. As a term, art history (also history of art) encompasses several methods of studying the visual arts; in common usage referring to works of art and architecture. Aspects of the discipline overlap. As the art historian Ernst Gombrich once observed, the field of art history [is] much like Caesars Gaul, divided in three parts inhabited by three different, though not necessarily hostile tribes: (i) the connoisseurs, (ii) the critics, and (iii) the academic art historians. [2] Overview Among theorists working within contemporary culture, this field of study often overlaps with film studies, psychoanalytic theory, gender studies, queer theory, and the study of television; it can also include video game studies, comics, traditional artistic media, advertising, the Internet, and any other medium that has a crucial visual component. The field’s versatility stems from the range of objects contained under the term â€Å"visual culture,† which aggregates â€Å"visual events in which information, meaning or pleasure is sought by the consumer in an interface with visual technology. The term â€Å"visual technology† refers any media designed for purposes of perception or with the potential to augment our visual capability. [1] Because of the changing technological aspects of visual culture as well as a scientific method-derived desire to create taxonomies or articulate what the visual is, many aspects of Visual Culture overlap with the study of science and technology, including hybrid electronic media, cognitive science, neurology, and image and brain theory. In an interview with the Journal of Visual Culture, academic Martin Jay explicates the rise of this tie between the visual and the technological: â€Å"Insofar as we live in a culture whose technological advances abet the production and dissemination of such images at a hitherto unimagined level, it is necessary to focus on how they work and what they do, rather than move past them too quickly to the ideas they represent or the reality they purport to depict. In so doing, we necessarily have to ask questions about . . . echnological mediations and extensions of visual experience. †[2] It also may overlap with another emerging field, that of Performance Studies. As â€Å"the turn from art history to visual culture studies parallels a turn from theater studies to performance studies,† it is clear that the perspectival shift that both emerging fields embody is comparable. [3] Visual Culture goes by a variety of names at different institutions, including Visual and Critica l Studies, Visual and Cultural Studies, and Visual Studies. citation needed] [edit] History Early work on visual culture has been done by John Berger (Ways of Seeing, 1972) and Laura Mulvey (Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema, 1975) that follows on from Jacques Lacans theorization of the unconscious gaze. Twentieth-century pioneers such as Gyorgy Kepes and William Ivins, Jr. as well as iconic phenomenologists like Maurice Merleau-Ponty also played important roles in creating a foundation for the discipline. Major work on visual culture has been done by W. J. T. Mitchell, particularly in his books Iconology and Picture Theory, and by the art historian and cultural theorist Griselda Pollock. Other writers important to visual culture include Stuart Hall, Roland Barthes, Jean-Francois Lyotard, Rosalind Krauss, Paul Crowther and Slavoj Zizek. Continuing work has been done by Lisa Cartwright, Margarita Dikovitskaya, Chris Jencks, Nicholas Mirzoeff and Gail Finney. Visual Culture studies have been increasingly important in religious studies through the work of David Morgan, Sally Promey, Jeffrey F. Hamburger, and S. Brent Plate. edit] Differentiating Between Visual Culture Studies and Image Studies While the image remains a focal point in visual culture studies, it is the relations between images and consumers that are evaluated for their cultural significance, not just the image in and of itself. Martin Jay clarifies, â€Å"Although images of all kinds have long served as illustrations of arguments made discursively, the growth of visual culture as a field has allowed them to be examined more in their own terms as complex figural artifacts or the stimulants to visual experiences. [4] Likewise, W. J. T. Mitchell explicitly distinguishes the two fields in his claim that visual culture studies â€Å"helps us to see that even something as broad as the image does not exhaust the field of visuality; that visual studies is not the same thing as image studies, and that the study of the visual image is just one component of the larger field. †[5] Cultural studies From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Cultural studies is an academic field grounded in critical theory and literary criticism. Characteristically interdisciplinary, cultural studies provides a reflexive network of intellectuals attempting to situate the forces constructing our daily lives. It concerns the political dynamics of contemporary culture, as well as its historical foundations, conflicts and defining traits. It is distinguished from cultural anthropology and ethnic studies in both objective and methodology. Researchers concentrate on how a particular medium or message relates to ideology, social class, nationality, ethnicity, sexuality and/or gender, rather than investigating a particular culture or area of the world. 1] Cultural studies approaches subjects holistically, combining feminist theory, social theory, political theory, history, philosophy, literary theory, media theory, film/video studies, communication studies, political economy, translation studies, museum studies and art history/criticism to study cultural phenomena in various societies. Thus, cultural studies seeks to understand the w ays in which meaning is generated, disseminated, and produced through various practices, beliefs and institutions. Also politically, economically and even social structures within a given culture. Celebrity A celebrity, also referred to as a celeb in popular culture, is a person who has a prominent profile and commands a great degree of public fascination and influence in day-to-day media. The term is synonymous with wealth (commonly denoted as a person with fame and fortune), implied with great popular appeal, prominence in a particular field, and is easily recognized by the general public. Various careers within the fields of sports and entertainment are commonly associated with celebrity status. Hero worship Hero worship is defined as the foolish or excessive adulation for an individual[1]. In Wikipedia, you may be searching for: †¢Hero Worship (Sandra Bernhard album), an album released by Sandra Bernhard †¢Hero Worship (Hal Crook album) †¢Hero Worship (TNG episode), an episode Star Trek: The Next Generation †¢Hero Worship, a song by The B-52s which is included on their debut album, The B-52s †¢Hero cult in ancient Greece †¢Apotheosis, raising a person to the level of a deity †¢Cult of personality, a political weapon used mainly in dictatorships Gender Gender is a range of characteristics used to distinguish between males and females, particularly in the cases of men and women and the masculine and feminine attributes assigned to them. Depending on the context, the discriminating characteristics vary from sex to social role to gender identity. Culture of India The culture of India refers to the religions, beliefs, customs, traditions, languages, ceremonies, arts, values and the way of life in India and its people. Indias languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food, and customs differ from place to place within the country. Its culture often labeled as an amalgamation of these diverse sub-cultures is spread all over the Indian subcontinent and traditions that are several millennia old. [1] Regarded by many historians as the oldest living civilization of Earth, the Indian tradition dates back to 8000 BC,[2] and has a continuous recorded history since the time of the Vedas, believed variously to be 3,000 to over 5,500 years ago. [3] Several elements of Indias diverse culture, such as Indian religions, yoga, and Indian cuisine, have had a profound impact across the world.